HACMP 的基本设计
各厂商现有的 UNIX 服务器一般都拥有很高的可靠性,在这一点上 IBM 的 P 系列服务器表现尤为突出。但所有 UNIX 服务器均无法达到如 IBM 大型主机 S/390 那样的可靠性级别,这是开放平台服务器的体系结构和应用环境所决定的。使用 IBM 高可用性集群软件 —— HACMP ,可以更好的保护关键业务应用不受故障影响。
HACMP 是 High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing 的缩写。 HACMP 是 IBM 公司在 P 系列 AIX 操作系统上的高可靠集群软件,配置冗余,消除单点故障,保证整个系统连续可用性和安全可靠性。 HACMP 是利用网络来侦测主机及网卡的状况,搭配 AIX 所提供的硬盘镜像等功能,在主机、网卡、硬盘控制卡、硬盘或网络发生故障时,自动切换到另一套备用元件上重新工作 ; 若是主机故障还切换至备份机上继续应用系统的运行。
两台服务器的备份方式有三种 :
基本概念
HACMP 的安装调试
选择安装:
Cluster.adt.*
Cluster.base.*
Cluster.cspoc
Cluster.msg
以上是 4.x 下的, 5 把标版和 ES 版合并了,所以小有变化。
安装的时候如果提示有包没有装的话,先装一下。
软件装好了就开始配置吧。
先看 HA4.5 。 5 的变化比较大,回头再说。
Smitty hacmp
HACMP
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Cluster Configuration
Cluster Services
Cluster System Management
Cluster Recovery Aids
RAS Support
Cluster Configuration
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Cluster Topology
Cluster Security
Cluster Resources
Cluster Snapshots
Cluster Verification
Cluster Custom Modification
Restore System Default Configuration from Active Configuration
Advanced Performance Tuning Parameters
Cluster Topology
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Configure Cluster
Configure Nodes
Configure Adapters
Configure Sites
Configure Networks
Configure Global Networks
Configure Network Modules
Configure Topology Services and Group Services
Show Cluster Topology
Synchronize Cluster Topology
Configure Cluster
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add a Cluster Definition
Change / Show Cluster Definition
Remove Cluster Definition
Add a Cluster Definition
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
**NOTE: Cluster Manager MUST BE RESTARTED
in order for changes to be acknowledged.**
注意: Cluster ID 在同一网络内必须是唯一的。
Configure Nodes
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add Cluster Nodes
Change / Show Cluster Node Name
Remove a Cluster Node
Add Cluster Nodes
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
使用一个有意义的标示,如 hostname 。
可以同时添加多个节点,用空格分开。
Configure Networks
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Configure IP-based Networks
Configure Non IP-based Networks
Add an IP-based Network
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Network Type [ether] +
Subnet(s) [192.168.1.0/24] +
Configure Adapters
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Configure IP-based Interfaces / IP Labels
Configure Adapters on Non IP-based networks
Configure IP-based Interfaces / IP Labels
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add Initial Interfaces
Discover IP Topology
Add Multiple IP-based Interfaces
Add Multiple Service IP Labels to a Network
Add IP Labels Requiring Individual Configuration
Change / Show an Interface / IP Label
Remove Interface(s) / Label(s)
Add an Initial Interface
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Network Type ether
Network Name tcp_1
Interface IP Address [198.162.1.1]
Netmask []
就这样把所有节点中的 boot 、 service 和 standby 网卡都设好。注意 Network Name 要和 hosts 里的 label 一样。 Ip 地址和 netmask 可以自动从 hosts 中获得。
下面设置心跳:
Add a Non IP-based Network
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Add a Non IP-based Adapter
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Network Type rs232
Network Name serialnet0
把所有的节点的心跳都配置好拓扑就 ok 了。
下面同步拓扑结构:
Synchronize Cluster Topology
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Ignore Cluster Verification Errors? [No]
Note:
Only the local node's default configuration files
keep the changes you make for topology DARE
emulation. Once you run your emulation, to
restore the original configuration rather than
running an actual DARE, run the SMIT command,
"Restore System Default Configuration from Active
Configuration."
We recommend that you make a snapshot before
running an emulation, just in case uncontrolled
cluster events happen during emulation.
NOTE:
If the Cluster Manager is active on this node,
synchronizing the Cluster Topology will cause
the Cluster Manager to make any changes take
effect once the synchronization has successfully
completed.
HACMP 全攻略之安装与配置 2
HACMP 全攻略之安装与配置 2- 资源组的配置
下面开始定义资源
首先增加一个资源组:
Define Resource Groups
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add a Resource Group
Change / Show a Resource Group
Remove a Resource Group
Change / Show Resource Group Processing Order
Add a Resource Group
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
在这确定接管方式和顺序。
下面增加 Application Servers
Define Application Servers
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add an Application Server
Change / Show an Application Server
Remove an Application Server
Add an Application Server
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
脚本要写绝对路径。
然后设置资源组属性:
Change/Show Resources/Attributes for a Resource Group
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Resource Group Name test_app
Node Relationship cascading
Site Relationship ignore
Participating Node Names / Default Node Priority servera serverb
Dynamic Node Priority [] +
Service IP label [servera_svc] +
Filesystems (default is All) [] +
Filesystems Consistency Check fsck +
Filesystems Recovery Method sequential +
Filesystems/Directories to Export [] +
Filesystems/Directories to NFS mount [] +
Network For NFS Mount [] +
Volume Groups [servera_vg] +
Concurrent Volume groups [] +
Raw Disk PVIDs [] +
Connections Services [] +
Fast Connect Services [] +
Tape Resources [] +
Application Servers [test_s] +
Communication Links [] +
Primary Workload Manager Class [] +
Secondary Workload Manager Class [] +
Miscellaneous Data []
Automatically Import Volume Groups false +
Inactive Takeover Activated false +
Cascading Without Fallback Enabled false +
Disk Fencing Activated false +
Filesystems mounted before IP configured false +
配置好了就开始同步:
Synchronize Cluster Resources
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Ignore Cluster Verification Errors? [No] +
Un/Configure Cluster Resources? [Yes] +
Note:
Only the local node's default configuration files
keep the changes you make for resource DARE
emulation. Once you run your emulation, to
restore the original configuration rather than
running an actual DARE, run the SMIT command,
"Restore System Default Configuration from Active
Configuration."
We recommend that you make a snapshot before
running an emulation, just in case uncontrolled
cluster events happen during emulation.
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